ARTHRITIS - Types of Arthritis

Arthritis are of many types, describing each type is beyond the scope of this website.

Here we describe common forms of arthritis.

Osteoarthritis

Arthritis due to wear and tear. This type of arthritis occurs either due to ageing process or may occur following injury to the structures forming the joint, namely cartilage, ligaments or bones.

More information on Osteoarthritis

Inflammatory Arthritis

In this category, common conditions are:

Rheumatoid Arthritis

  • Rheumatoid arthritis is a condition of unknown origin.
  • It is common in females, between ages of 20 and 40 years.
  • Characterised by morning stiffness, especially of small joints of the hand, simultaneous involvement of many joints.
  • May also have involvement of other systems of the body besides affection of the skeleton.


  • Rheumatoid Arthritis affecting Hands Rheumatoid Arthritis affecting Feet

Gout

  • Due to increase in the uric acid level.
  • It commonly manifests as painful great toe in adults.
  • The common precipitating factor is alcohol consumption and/or consumption of red meat.
  • It may also be precipitated by injury.
  • The great toe is swollen, red and excruciatingly painful.
  • Apply ice: consult your doctor for further advice.
  • The condition is amenable to treatment and certain changes in the diet.

    • NUTRITION IN GOUT

      Gout is often called "the rich man's disease". Gout usually develops because of a rich diet, which includes meat and alcohol. It causes increased concentration of uric acid in biological fluids. Uric acid is the final breakdown of an organic nitrogenous base called purines. In gout, uric acid crystals are deposited in joints, tendons, kidneys and other tissues, where they cause inflammation and damage. Meats are high-purine foods. As purines are metabolised, uric acid is formed. The kidney's job is to excrete excess uric acid and it finds it difficult if alcohol is also present. So the uric acid stays in the body.

      The following guidelines can help a patient suffering from gout :
      -       No meat, fish and alcohol is to be consumed.
      - Fat intake to be limited and an exercise program started to reduce body fat.
      - Eat more of whole grains and avoid any form of refined foods including sugar.
      - It is also advisable to restrict proteins from all sources including lentils and beans.
      - Drink plenty of water, at least ten glasses of water and increase consumption of fresh vegetables and fruits.
      - Folic acid is known to inhibit the enzyme responsible for producing uric acid. Vitamin C and Vitamin E along with a multivitamin and a mineral tablet should help.
      - Most cases of gout can be treated by diet and exercise.


Arthritis Secondary to Psoriasis

  • Due to skin disorder.

Arthritis Secondary to Infection

  • Either Tuberculous or Pyogenic.


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